Filter.



Patented lune 27, |399.v

0. & 0. B ZWIETUSCH.

FILTER.

(Application med Dec. 1e, 189s.)

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES4 ATENT OFFICE.

OTTO ZlVIETUSCI-I AND OSCAR B. ZVVIETUSCII, OF MIIVAUKEE, VISCONSIN.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 627,675, dated June 27,1,899.

Application led December 16,1898. Serial No. 699,428. (No model.) i

To @ZZ whom it may concern: f

Be it known that we, Orro ZWIETUscH and OSCAR B. ZWIETUSOH, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee andState of Wisconsin, have invented a new and useful Improvement inFilters, of which the following is a specification. l

The object of our invention is to construct a filter for all the usualpurposes-that is to say, for the filtration of liquids such as wine,beer, and water-with a filtering capacity greater thanV that of ordinaryfilters of the same dimensions and which at the same time shall besimple and durable.

The nature of our improvements will be understood from the followingdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, of which-Figure l is a central vertical section of our lter complete, and Fig. 2an enlarged broken central vertical section of a portion of one of thefiltering-pans with its appurtenances.

The filter consists of a cylindrical upright body A, having adish-shaped bottom t and a removable cover B. Secured to the lower endof the cylinder is a supporting-rim C to rest evenly upon the iloor.

Bis a cover for the shell, made concavoi convex in form, like the bottomt. It is provided toward one side with a vent-cock sand pressure-gagerand is secured to the upper` edge of the shell by means of swingingscrewbolts g, with y-nuts p, in the usual manner. Interposed betweenthecover and the upper edgeof the shell is anV annular rubber packing o,the coverbeing suitably. recessed to receive it. Upon the under side ofthe cover are posts n in any suitable number, the purpose of which will.be yexplained hereinafter. The' inlet for the liquid is by wayofrthe'nipplc m 1 toward one side ofthecover and the outlet by way ofthe nipple m at the center of the bottom. Each nipple is externallythreaded for the attachment of hose. The bottom is further provided atone side of the center' provided with a packing in the usual Way toprevent leakage. This and the packing o between the cover andthe upperedge of the shell constitute the only packings employed.

in the entire filter. Upon the inner side of the bottom t and integraltherewith is a tubular extension'I-I in verticalline with the voutlet mand provided towarditsupper edge with an odset to form a shoulder 7c inthe plane of the inner periphery of the bottom and a short verticalcylindricalneckc' abovev the shoulder. l

I I are a series ,of annular pans somewhat less in external diameterthan the interior diameter ofthe shell and having a smooth level bottomh, to leave a narrow annular spacej between the sides of the pans andthe inner wall of the shell, and an upward-extending rim g, which isvertical on its outer surface,l but maybe made more or lessVv Haring onits inner surface. It willbeobserved that in the constructionof .ourpans lall ribs and other irregularities upon the'exteriorsurface areavoided. The central part of this pan is a somewhat massive tube K,having at its q lower end an annular socket f and'at its upper end ashoulder 7L and short vertical neck L", corresponding with the shoulderand neck on the tubular piece H. Thus when the pans are placed one uponanother within the shell 4thesocketfin the lowermost pan ts over theoset at the upper end of the tubular piece II, the socket of the nextpan its over the offset at the upper end of the central tubular part ofthe first pan, and so on throughoutV the series, wherebywhenall the pansare in'place a firm centraltubular column is produced.' lJ ust above thesocket f ofthe .tubular central portion of each'pan isa series ofopenings c', by means of which the interior of .tlleannularpancommunicates With the vertical central outlet, and, in .thein-teriorlof'the rim g and upon the exterior of the central tubular portion of eachpan is one or more annular grooves d and d', the purpose of which willbe hereinafter described. Upon the-in terior of each central tube Kis anannular groove cl2, the function of Vwhich is to permit the pan to belifted out of the shellby means of an inserted spring instrument whichenters the groove. 'Theconstruction of the IOO pans is such that theplane of the uppei` edge of the rim g is a little lower than that of theshoulder 7L', so that a narrow space interveiies between the top of eachrim and the bottoni of the pan immediately above it.

L is a coarse annular mat of woven wire lying directly upon the bottomof each pan and is about one-eighth of an inch in thickness, whereby itextends upward to a plane about even with the holes e. M is a strongfine woven-wire sieve covering the entire annular interior of the panand reinforced at its inner and outer margins by plano-convex annularplates @and c', firmly secured toit. The space within the pan above thesieve M receives the filter mass S, which is pressed into place.

Experience has demonstrated that the liquid undergoing filtration has atendency to pass through too easily at the edges of the filter mass, sothat such port-ions as pass through there are insuflciently filtered.The object of the grooves (l and d' is to overcome this defeet byforcing the liquid to take an irregular course around the edges of' thefilter mass.

The filter mass which we prefer to employ is that shown, described, andclaimed in Letters Patent of the United States No. 308,110, granted toOtto Zwietusch February 19, 1889; butotlier filtering materials may beemployed, if desired.

N is a coarse annular woven-wire mat fitting within the pan above thefilter mass, and itis inserted after the filter mass has been pressedinto place. It is reinforced at its outer edge by an angular metal rimO, the vertical part of which iits closely within the upper edge of therim g of the pan and projects above the top of the rim into contact withthe bottom of the next pan above. Itis provided with a series of notchesl) in its upper edge toipermit the liquid to pass into the narrow spacewhich intervenes between the woven-wire mat N and the bottom of the nextpan above.

P is a circular disk thickened atits center, as shown at a, where itbears upon the eentral tubular column, and provided with a bead upon theunder side of its margin, as shown at a', where it comes into contactwith the notched rim O of the uppermost woven-wire mat N. The functionof the posts a, hereinbefore described, is to bear upon the disk P whenthe cover is secured in place, and thus hold the margin of the disk inclose contact with the upper edge of the adjacent rim O.

All the principal parts of the filterthat is to say, the shell, thecover, the pans, and the disk P-are made of brass or copper; but whenemployed for wine it is advisable that the entire interior, includingthe pans, be silver-plated. As adapting the pans to be silver-plated thesmooth and even character of their surfaces is of great importance.

',lo prepare the filter for operation, the pans are introducedsuccessively, each being packed with filtering mass and provided withits covering of woven-wire mat N before ininto the narrow horizontalchambers which intervene between the pans, and thence through the mat N,the filtering mass below it, and sieve M into the meshes of thelowermost mat L, through which it finds its way back and forth in anundulating horizontal course to the openings e, thence to the interiorof the central vertical column, and finally to the outlet 'm'. More orless of the liquid may find its way around the edge of the lowermost paninto the bottoni chamber R of the filter, and this may be drained offthrough the cock l, which may also be employed to drain off water whenthe filter is washed.

'Ihe inlet and outlet pipes connected with the filter, but which are notshown, should be provided,as usual,with cocks near the body of thefilter to regulate or stop the flow of the` liquid and also forpermitting the cleansing of the filtering material when required. Thecleansing is done by connecting an adequate water-pressure to theoutlet, so that the water may fiow back through the filtering mass andout at the inlet-opening.

rlhe functionof the air-cock s is to let oft air and gases, as may berequired, from the interior of' the filter, and the function of thepressure-gage r is to indicate the pressure at which the filtering isprogressing in the case of charged liquids.

It will be seen that the construction of our filter is exceptionallysimple and that we avoid the use of the usual perforated copper bottoms,extra sieves, layers of fabric, rubber packings, and separating-ribs. Inthe construction of our filter everything is avoided which could beinjurious to the product and which is not absolutely necessary toperfect efficiency, and this has been one of the leading objects of ourinvention. In addition to this we have sought to produce the largestpossible filtering capacity for filters of any given dimensions, andthis also we deem to have been fully accomplished by the constructionherein shown and described.

lVhat we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a filter, the combination with a circular shell having a bottomprovided with a central outlet-opening, and a tubular interior eX-tension H, of a series of annular pans superimposed one upon anotherwithin the shell, each less in extreme diameter than the interiordiameter of the shell, and having openings near its bottom through theinner wall of the annulus, a disk P bearing upon and clos- IOO IIO

A nally-grooved wall K having an internal I ing the tubular columnformed by the inner walls of the annular pans, and annular woven- Wiresieves within the pans to embrace and operate in conjunction withthefiltering mass employed therein, substantially as described.

2. Ina lter, the combination with the cyl-` inder A, bottom t having thedrainage-cockl and central outlet-opening m', of the central interiorextension H -provided with an offset 7c t' at its upper end, removablecover B having an inlet m, a central pressure-screw, an air-vent andpressure-gage,and interior downward-extending posts n, a series of`annular pans superposed one upon another within the shell, and less inextreme diameter than the interior of the she1l,whereby an annular spacej intervenes, the central tube of each pan being provided at its lowerend with a socket f and an oset at its upper end, corresponding withthat upon the tubular extension H,adapt-` ed to iit the socket in thenext pan above, and having openings e from the interior of the pan, anannular coarse Woven-wire ma't L in the bottom of each pan, a ineannular wovenwire sieve M, resting upon the mat L, and a coarsewoven-wire annular mat N, to bear upon the filtering mass Within thepan, and having the marginal notched angle-plate O, and the diskPengaged by the pressure-screw in the cover, and bearing at its centerupon the tubular outlet-column formed by the annular pans, and at itsmargin upon the notched rim O of the uppermost pan, substantially asdescribed.

3. An annular ltering-pan, comprising a smooth bottom h, aninternally-grooved peripheral rim g, and a central tubular extergrooved2, an offset h t" at one end, a socket f at the other end, and holes eextending through it from the interior of the pan, substantially asdescribed.

et'. In a lter, in combination with the shell having an inlet at its topand a central outlet at its bottom, a series of annular pans to receivethe filtering agents, of smaller diameter than the interior of theshell, and each having its inner wallK provided with holes e, for theescape of the filtrate, and with an offset at one end and acorresponding socket at the other, whereby, when the pans aresuperimposed one upon another, the oset of one enters the socket of theadjacent one, forming a continuous central conduit to thedischargeopening, and a seal for closing the upper end of the conduit,substantially as described.

5. A ltering-pan, annular in form,compris ing a smooth bottom, aninternally-grooved rim and central eXternally-groovedtube havingopenings through it near the bottom of the pan, and having van oset h'7l' at one end and a corresponding socket f at the other end, incombinationwith a mat L upon the smooth bottom, Jfiltering-sieve M uponthe mat L and upper mat N having'the notched angular extension O,substantially as described.

6. The filtering-pan I, annular in form, and

having its inner wall K provided with the recess f at its lower end toform a socket, horizontal openings e above the recess, and oset at itsupper end forming the shoulder h and neck 1l', the plane of the top ofthe rim g of the pan being lower than the' plane of the shoulder 71,',substantially as described.

In presence of- D. W. LEE, R. T. SPENCER.

